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碳酸鹽法實現含 金渣漿泵黃鐵礦和毒砂浮選分離的作用機理是什么?
    碳酸鹽法包括碳酸鈉和碳酸鋅兩種藥劑。碳酸鈉對黃鐵礦表面的氧化產物有一定的清洗作用 (溶解作用)，從而活化黃鐵礦， 使黃鐵礦和毒砂的可浮性差異增大，加強分選的效果。當聯合使用碳酸鈉和漂白粉時，可以強化對毒砂的抑制，而控制藥劑的加藥順序，可以改善黃鐵礦的浮選。使用碳酸鈉作調整劑，要注意其用量，用量過高也會引起對金的抑制。氧化礦石的浮選，當需要在較高的pH條件下浮選時，一般用碳酸鈉的效 果要優于石灰的效果，使介質pH達到9左右，可溶性鐵鹽便產生沉淀。
    在石灰介質中被抑制的黃鐵礦，可以加碳酸鈉或者硫酸加以活化。當礦石中存在黃鐵礦和磁黃鐵礦以及毒砂時，磁黃鐵礦和毒砂

的可浮性比黃鐵礦的差，石灰對它們的抑制能力更強，加入適量的蘇打，可以活化黃鐵礦，實現與毒砂和磁黃鐵礦的分離。
    碳酸鈉的活化作用，有人認為是由于它對礦漿pH的緩沖作用和沉淀抑制Cu的作用所致。也有人認為加入碳酸鈉，不僅可以測節pH.而且使黃鐵礦等礦物的表面負電位的絕對值增大:靜電斥力勢能增大，從而有利于礦粒的分散。據報道，適量的碳酸鈉加入磨礦回路，對毒砂的浮選也具有良好的作用，原因是碳酸鈉是金屬鐵的阻化劑，能使已溶氧在磨礦回路中保持在較高的濃度，這是在硫化礦物浮選之前使硫化礦氧化所必需的。另一方面，碳酸根離子既可以從已氧化的毒砂表面除掉砷，又能使其表面與捕收劑的陰離子繼續作用。據此可以認為，碳酸鈉溶液對于砷黃鐵礦的優先浮選，可以被認為是浮選之前準備原礦的最好介質。俄羅斯一選礦廠采用這一制備浮選礦漿的方法處理金砷礦石，使毒砂的回收率提高13.20%，金回收率提高5. 5%。渣漿泵
    碳酸鋅法實質上是膠體碳酸鋅法。如果單獨使用碳酸鈉，其對毒砂的抑制作用較弱，單獨使用碳酸鋅對毒砂基本無抑制作用。但是，當硫酸鋅與碳酸鈉以一定比例混合配制成膠體碳酸鋅作抑制劑時，卻能夠滿意地抑制毒砂的浮選。同時發現:不論碳酸鈉和硫酸鋅的配比如何，使用膠體碳酸鋅對含金黃鐵礦的可浮性沒有影響。碳酸鈉和硫酸鋅的合適配比應以硫酸鋅含量在30%以下比較適宜，此時抑制毒砂的效果較好。

What is the mechanism of flotation separation of pyrite and arsenopyrite by carbonate method?

Carbonate process includes sodium carbonate and zinc carbonate. Sodium carbonate has a certain cleaning effect (dissolution effect) on the oxidized products on the surface of pyrite, thus activating pyrite, increasing the floatability difference between pyrite and arsenopyrite, and enhancing the separation effect. When sodium carbonate and bleaching powder are used together, the inhibition of arsenopyrite can be strengthened, and the flotation of pyrite can be improved by controlling the dosing sequence of reagents. When sodium carbonate is used as an adjusting agent, attention should be paid to its dosage. Too high dosage will also cause inhibition on gold. When the flotation of oxidized ore needs to be carried out at a higher pH, the effect of sodium carbonate is generally better than that of lime. When the medium pH reaches about 9, soluble iron salt will precipitate.

Pyrite inhibited in lime medium can be activated by adding sodium carbonate or sulfuric acid. When pyrite and pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite are present in the ore, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite

The floatability of pyrite is worse than that of pyrite, and lime has a stronger ability to inhibit them. Adding a proper amount of soda can activate pyrite and realize the separation with arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite.

It is believed that the activation of sodium carbonate is due to its buffering effect on pulp pH and the inhibition of Cu by precipitation. It is also believed that the addition of sodium carbonate can not only measure the pH value, but also increase the absolute value of negative potential on the surface of pyrite and other minerals: the potential energy of electrostatic repulsion increases, which is conducive to the dispersion of ore particles. It is reported that proper amount of sodium carbonate added to the grinding circuit also has a good effect on the flotation of arsenopyrite, because sodium carbonate is an inhibitor of metal iron, which can keep the dissolved oxygen at a higher concentration in the grinding circuit, which is necessary for the oxidation of sulfide ore before the flotation of sulfide minerals. On the other hand, carbonate ion can not only remove arsenic from the oxidized arsenopyrite surface, but also make its surface continue to interact with the anions of collectors. It can be concluded that sodium carbonate solution is the best medium to prepare the raw ore before flotation. The recovery of arsenopyrite and arsenopyrite increased by 13.20% and 5.5% respectively. Slurry pump

Zinc carbonate method is essentially colloidal zinc carbonate method. If sodium carbonate is used alone, its inhibition on arsenopyrite is weak, and zinc carbonate alone has no inhibition on arsenopyrite. However, when zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate are mixed in a certain proportion to form colloidal zinc carbonate as an inhibitor, the flotation of arsenopyrite can be inhibited satisfactorily. At the same time, it is found that the colloidal zinc carbonate has no effect on the floatability of gold bearing pyrite regardless of the ratio of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate. The proper ratio of sodium carbonate and zinc sulfate should be less than 30% zinc sulfate, and the effect of inhibiting arsenopyrite is better.